Comparing Agent SDKs and Frameworks: Who Owns the Loop, State, and Runtime?

Agent development frameworks increasingly expose similar vocabulary: tools, sessions, memory, handoffs, and streaming. That vocabulary hides substantial architectural differences. Defining tools for an OpenAI agent, embedding Claude Code through the Claude Agent SDK, and compiling a stateful LangGraph workflow place different parts of the system under framework control. Comparing them through a list of supported features misses the decision that will determine most of the integration work: which execution responsibilities the application keeps, and which it delegates. ...

October 15, 2026 · 19 min · Zhengyu Chen

Engineering Reliable Coding Agents

Engineering Reliable Coding Agents A coding agent can make a locally correct change while the project around it becomes less coherent. Consider a three-session authentication refactor. The first session chooses RS256 and implements token validation. The second session cannot recover that decision, infers HS256 instead, and introduces a conflicting path. The third session resolves the conflict but also rewrites an unrelated password module. Each session can plausibly report success. Taken together, the repository has drifted. ...

May 18, 2026 · 10 min · Zhengyu Chen